ENVIRONMENTAL CATALYSIS     
Post-graduate course for the Graduate School in Chemical Engineering
University of Oulu, May 23-27, 2005
(3 cr.)


 

Organizing laboratory
Department of Process and Environmental Engineering, Laboratories of Mass and Heat Transfer Process Engineering, University of Oulu (OU)
Graduate School in Chemical Engineering (GSCE)

Date and place
May 23-27, 2005 
University of Oulu, Linnanmaa Campus, Lecture room PR102

Examiner
Professor Riitta Keiski

Lecturers
Prof. (CNRS) Dr. Danielle Ballivet-Tkatchenko, University of Bourgogne, Dijon, France;
Prof. Rein Munter, Tallinn University of Technology, Estonia,
Dr. Antonio Eduardo Palomares Gimeno, Technical University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain;
R&D Manager Matti Härkönen, Kemira Metalkat Oy, Oulu;
Prof. Jouni Pursiainen, OU,
Prof. Riitta Keiski, OU,
Dr. Ulla Lassi, OU,
Lic.Tech. Satu Ojala, OU

Language
English

Course description

The course contents is divided into three themes:

  1. introduction to environmental catalysis,
  2. sources and effects of harmful emissions, and
  3. catalytic control of emissions.

The last theme is the most important part of the course (process improvements, new catalytic processes, new opportunities by catalysis technologies and the use of catalysts in primary and secondary pollution prevention).

The lectures contain the following areas:

  • Introduction to catalysis;
  • Principles, history, and economical meaning of environmental catalysts;
  • Sources of harmful emissions;
  • Control of emissions from stationary and mobile sources, control technologies for air toxins, aerosols, NOx, SOx, VOCs, odors, and CO2, reduction of greenhouse effect, ozone depletion, and acid rain;
  • Design of new, more efficient and benign catalytic processes for environmentally friendly and cleaner production or products, cleaner fuels, and high yield/low waste catalytic processes;
  • Research work in environmental catalysis;
  • Environmentally important industrial catalysts, catalytic reactors and catalytic processes;
  • Use of zeolites and monolith catalysts;
  • Water, wastewater, and soil treatments by catalysis;
  • Recycling and catalysis.

Course materials

  • Environmental Catalysis. Vol. 4. In: Ertl, G., Knözinger, H. & Weitkamp, J. (Editors). 
  • Handbook of Heterogeneous Catalysis. Weinheim 1997, VCH. P. 1559-1696.
  • Anastas, P.T. & Williamson, T.C. Green Chemistry, Frontiers in Benign Chemical Syntheses and Processes.   Oxford 1998, Bookcraft Ltd. 364 p.
  • Supplementary material and recent articles

Programme

Monday, May 23, 2005
 9:30 - 10:00

 Registration and coffee
Welcome
10:00 - 10:45

Introduction to environmental catalysis (1 h)
  • Principles in environmental catalysis
  • Emission reduction strategies
  • Characterization of air pollutants

 Prof. Keiski
11:00 - 12:00
Catalytic control of emissions, primary and secondary methods (1 h)
  • Differences and similarities in environmental and process catalysis
  • Catalyst impact and markets
  • Trends in environmental catalysis

 Prof. Keiski

Lunch break
13:00 - 14:30
Sources and effects of harmful emissions (2 h)
  • Mobile and stationary sources
  • Origin of emissions, Emissions in Europe
  • Emission factors, pollutant formation
  • Legislation
  • Health effects
 Dr. A. Palomares

Coffee break
15:00 - 16:30
 Catalytic control of emissions, primary methods (2 h)
  • Primary and secondary measures
  • Test cycles and emission standards
  • Catalysis for production of low-sulphur fuels (especially diesel fuels)
  • Influence of fuel on engines’ emissions

 Dr. U. Lassi

Tuesday, May 24, 2005
 9:00 - 10:45 Control of stationary emissions (2 h)   
  • NOX and SOX removal

 Dr. A. Palomares
11:00 -12:00    
On-board reforming for fuel cell vehicles (1 h)
  • Catalytic combustion for gas turbine applications
  • Ozone abatement in cars and in aeroplanes

 Dr. U. Lassi

Lunch break
13:15 - 14:45
 Catalytic control of emissions, secondary methods (2 h)
  • Automotive exhaust gas catalysis
  • The spark-ignition engine and the three-way catalyst
 General Manager M. Härkönen

Coffee break
15:15 - 16:00
 The diesel engine and the diesel catalyst (2 h)
  • Soot, deNOx, alternative fuels
  • Future trends

 General Manager M. Härkönen
16.30-17.00
 Ehovoc Oy and Business in Catalytic abatement of VOCs

 Director R. Silvonen

Wednesday,  May 25, 2005
9:00 - 10:00
Catalytic control of emissions (1 h)
  • Green Chemistry approach in environmental catalysis

 Prof. Keiski
10:15 - 12:00
Environmental Homogeneous Catalysis
  1. Generalities (2 h)                           
  • Homogeneous catalysis with organometallic compounds: some basic principles, comparison with heterogeneous catalysis.
  • Modern approach for sustainable catalytic processes and environmentally friendly reactions: The 12 principles of Green Chemistry.
 Prof.. D. Ballivet-Tkatchenko

Lunch break
13:15 - 14:30
  1. Improved Selectivities in Reaction/Separation (2 h)

  1. Environmentally Benign Routes to Chemicals   
  • Replacement of harmful reagents and atom-efficient chemical production.
 Prof.. D. Ballivet-Tkatchenko

Coffee Break
15.00-16.30
 Green chemistry and catalysis (2 h)
  • Eco-efficient processes and process design, green production
 Prof. R. Keiski

Thursday, May 26, 2005
9:00 - 10:30
  1. Alternative Feedstocks  (1 h)
  • Renewables including CO2
  1. Alternative Solvents (1 h)
  • Non-emitting VOCs solvents

 Prof.. D. Ballivet-Tkatchenko
11.00–12.00
 Control of stationary emissions (1 h)
  • Greenhouse gases (CH4, N2O, CFCs) and particulates

 Dr. U. Lassi

Lunch break
13:00 - 14:30
 Catalysis in water and wastewater treatment (2 h)
  • Water/Wastewater treatment methods: Classification  and  application  depending  on  flowrate  and  the  COD  value.
  • Heterogeneous water phase catalysts for water/wastewater treatment: Stages of catalytic  processes; Catalysts, supports.  
  • Heterogeneous catalytic oxidation of water/wastewater: Examples with iron powder, graphite, GAC, Gamma-FeOOH, etc.
  • Ozonation and catalytic ozonation of water/wastewater; Advanced oxidation processes (AOP): Synthesis  of  ozone,  its  properties.  Molecular and radical reactions of ozone. Relative  oxidation  power  of  oxidants. Advanced  oxidation  processes   and   reaction  mechanisms  of  °OH  radicals. Catalytic  ozonation  using  TiO2,  Al2O3,  Alpha-FeOOH   catalysts  etc.  O3/GAC  system. Ecoclear  process. 
  • Wet air oxidation (WAO) and catalytic wet air oxidation processes: Equipment for WAO. Reaction mechanism of WAO. Homogeneous and heterogeneous catalytic WAO. Examples.
  • TiO2/UV system: Reaction mechanism of photocatalytic oxidation. Laboratory and full-scale reactors. Examples.

 Prof. Munter

Coffee break
15:00 - 16:00
 Catalysis in water and waste water treatment (1 h)
(Continued)
 Prof. Munter
16.00-17.00
 Nitrate and nitrite removal (1 h)

 Prof. Keiski

Friday, May 27, 2005
 9:00 - 10:30
 Catalytic technologies in CO2 abatement and utilization, Heterogeneous catalysis (1 h)

Fuel cells, hydrogen generation for fuel cell applications, alternative fuels (1 h)

 Prof. Keiski
10:45 - 11:30
 Enzymes as biocatalysts (1 h)

 		Prof. J. Pursiainen

Lunch break
12:30 - 14:15   
Control of stationary emissions (2 h)
  • VOC control: sources and catalytic technologies for technologies for VOC and odorous compounds removal

 Dr. Lassi
Lic.Tech. S. Ojala

Coffee break
14:45 - 15:30
 Discussion and closing remarks
Course evaluation

 Prof. Keiski

The course will start on Monday, May 23rd, 2005, at 9:30 a.m. in the lecture room PR102 in Linnanmaa Campus, Oulu.

Changes in the course programme are possible.

Course work

  • Lecturers will provide 5 to 10 important scientific articles (general theory, case studies, or review articles) from their lecturing area
  • A list of this materials will be given to the students in the beginning of the course
  • Students will select their interest area during the course
  • Analysis and commenting on documents and articles will take place in small groups during June 2005
  • A short summary paper should be written based on the given materials (approximately 10 pages)
  • The summary paper will be sent to Prof. R. Keiski at the end of June 2005
  • The summary papers will be evaluated by the lecturers

Examination

  • First exam in June 2003 (3 credit points)
  • Materials given by the lecturers (also the newest review articles)
  • Lecture notes
  • The date for the examination will be decided during the course (examination e.g. in June and August 2005)

Further information

Professor Riitta Keiski,
University of Oulu,
Department of Process and Environmental Engineering,
P.O.Box 4300, FIN-90014 University of Oulu;
Phone: +358-8-553 2348, +358-40-726 3018,
Fax: +358-8-553 2369,
E-mail: Riitta.Keiski(at)oulu.fi

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Last updated April 11. 2005 by eva.pongracz(at)oulu.fi