E.
                        Suokas  
                                                | 
                     
                    
                        | 
                     
                    
                      
                        - 86
 
                          Tiainen J, Knuutila K, Veiranto M, Suokas E, Waris T, Törmälä P, Kaarela O, Ashammakhi N. New Multifunctional Tacks: Pull-Out Strength of Ciprofloxacin-Releasing Tacks. 7th Congress of the European Federation of National Associations of Orthopaedics and Traumatology (EFORT), Lisboa, Portugal, 4-7.6.2005. 
                           
                           
                        - 85
 
                            Viitanen P, Suokas E, Ashammakhi N. Development New Multifunctional Biodegradable Diclofenac-Releasing Implants. 2nd World Congress on Regenerative Medicine: From Tissue Engineering to Tissue Regeneration, Germany Congress Center, Leipzig, Germany, 18-20.5.2005. 
                             
                            
                        - 84
 
                            Tiainen J, Knuutila K, Veiranto M, Suokas E, Törmälä P, Ashammakhi N. Assessment of Pull-Out Strength of Novel Multifunctional Ciprofloxacin-Releasing Tacks. 2nd World Congress on Regenerative Medicine: From Tissue Engineering to Tissue Regeneration, Germany Congress Center, Leipzig, Germany, 18-20.5.2005. 
                             
                           
                        - 83
 
                          Viitanen P, Suokas E, Ashammakhi N. Bioabsorbable Rods with Anti-Inflammatory Drug Release Properties. 3rd International Symposium on Advanced Biomaterials /Biomechanics (ISAB2), Montreal, Quebec, Canada, 3-6.4.2005. 
                           
                            
                        - 82
 
                            Tiainen J, Knuutila K, Veiranto M, Suokas E, Waris T, Tormälä P, Kaarela O, Ashammakhi N. Development of Multifunctional Antibiotic Releasing Tacks. 3rd International Symposium on Advanced Biomaterials /Biomechanics (ISAB2), Montreal, Quebec, Canada, 3-6.4.2005. 
                             
                           
                        - 81
 
                            Ashammakhi N, Veiranto M, Viitanen P, Suokas E, Tiainen J, Leinonen S, Niemelä S-M, Syrjälä H, Waris T, Törmälä P. Advanced Multifucntional Drug Releasing Biomaterials. 3rd International Symposium on Advanced Biomaterials /Biomechanics (ISAB2), Montreal, Quebec, Canada, 3-6.4.2005. 
                             
                           
                        - 80
 
                            Viitanen P, Suokas E, Ashammakhi N. PLGA Rods with Diclofenac Releasing Properties. 15th Interdisciplinary Research Conference on Biomaterials (GRIBOI 2005), Shanghai, China, 18-20.3.2005. 
                             
                            
                        - 79
 
                            Niemelä S-M, Ikäheimo I, Koskela M, Veiranto M, Suokas E, Törmälä P, Waris T, Ashammakhi N, Syrjälä H. New Ciprofloxacin-Releasing Bioabsorbable Polymer is Superior to Titanium in Preventing Staphylococcus Epidermidis Attachment and Biofilm Formation in Vitro. University of Oulu Faculty of Medicine Science Day, Oulu, Finland, February 22, 2005. P-86. 
                             
                             
                        - 78
 
                            Tiainen J, Knuutila K, Veiranto M, Suokas E, Törmälä P, Kaarela O, Waris T, Ashammakhi N. Bioabsorbable Multifunctional Ciprofloxacin-Releasing Tacks: Assessment of Pullout Strength. University of Oulu Faculty of Medicine Science Day, Oulu, Finland, February 22, 2005. P-104. 
                             
                            
                        - 77
 
                            Tiainen J, Veiranto M, Suokas E, Soini Y, Törmälä P, Waris T, Ashammakhi N. Ciprofloxacin-Releasing SR-PLGA 80/20 Screws: Pull-Out Forces in Human Cadaver Parietal Bones, Tissue Reactions and Ciprofloxacin Concentrations in Rabbit's Cranial Bone. University of Oulu Faculty of Medicine Science Day, Oulu, Finland, February 22, 2005. P-105. 
                             
                            
                        - 76
 
                            Halttunen T, Viitanen P, Myrsky E, Suokas E, Ashammakhi N. Effect of Multifunctional Diclofenac Sodium Releasing Bioabsorbable Implant on Macrophages. An in Vitro Study. University of Oulu Faculty of Medicine Science Day, Oulu, Finland, February 22, 2005. P-113. 
                             
                            
                        - 75
 
                            Viitanen P, Suokas E, Ashammakhi N. Novel Anti-Inflammatory Drug Releasing Biobasorbable Implant. University of Oulu Faculty of Medicine Science Day, Oulu, Finland, February 22, 2005. P-114. 
                             
                           
                        - 74
 
                            Ashammakhi N, Veiranto M, Suokas E, Tiainen J, Niemelä S-M, Törmälä P. Multifunctional Implants: The Future of Bioabsorbable Implants. University of Oulu Faculty of Medicine Science Day, Oulu, Finland, February 22, 2005. P-29. 
                             
                            
                        - 73
 
                              Niemelä S-M, Ikäheimo I, Koskela M, Veiranto M, Suokas E, Törmälä P, Waris T, Ashammakhi N, Syrjälä H. Ciprofloxacin-Releasing Bioabsorbable Polymer is Superior to Titanium in Preventing Staphylococcus Epidermidis Attachment and Biofilm Formation In Vitro. Key Engineering Materials 2005; 284-286:427–430. 
                               
                               
                        | 
                     
                    
                        
                            | 
                     
                     
                      
                        - 72
 
                          Ashammakhi N, Veiranto M, Suokas E, Tiainen J, Niemelä S-M, Törmälä P. Innovation in multifunctional bioabsorbable osteoconductive drug-releasing hard tissue fixation devices. Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Medicine as permanent record of the 10th International Meeting on Polymers in Medicine & Surgery (Submitted). 
                           
                            
                        - 71
 
                            Viitanen P, Suokas E, Törmälä P, Ashammakhi N. Release of diclofenac sodium from polylactide-co-glycolide 80/20 rods. Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Medicine as permanent record of the 10th International Meeting on Polymers in Medicine & Surgery (Submitted). 
                             
                            
                        - 70
 
                            Tiainen J, Soini Y, Suokas E, Veiranto M, Törmälä P, Waris T and Ashammakhi N. Tissue Reactions to Multifunctional Bioabsorbable Ciprofloxacin-Releasing Polylactide-Polyglycolide 80/20 Screws in Rabbits’ Cranial Bone. J Biomed Mater Res (Appl Biomat) (Submitted). 
                             
                         
                        - 69
 
                            Niemelä S-M, Ikäheimo I, Koskela M, Veiranto M, Suokas E, Törmälä P, Waris T, Ashammakhi N, Syrjälä H. Ciprofloxacin-releasing bioabsorbable polymer is  superior to titanium in preventing Staphylococcus epidermis attachment and biofilm formation in vitro. J Biomed Mater Res (Appl Biomat) (Accepted). 
                             
                           
                        - 68
 
                            Ashammakhi N, Veiranto M, Niemelä S-M, Tiainen J, Leinonen S, Suokas E, Törmälä P . Development of multifunctional materials (MFM): bioabsorbable drug-releasing hard tissue fixation screws. 
                            Materials Science Forum: Proceedings for Multifunctional and Functionally Graded Materials (FGM 2004) (In press). 
                             
                         
                        - 67
 
                            Veiranto M, Suokas E, Ashammakhi N, Törmälä P. Novel bioabsorbable antibiotic releasing bone fracture fixation implants. Adv Exp Med Biol 2004; 553:197-208.  
                             
                           
                        - 66
 
                            Veiranto M, Suokas E, Ashammakhi N,  Törmälä P. Novel bioabsorbable antibiotic releasing bone fracture fixation implants. In: Biomaterials: From Molecules to Engineered
      Tissues, N. Hasirci and V. Hasirci (eds.), Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers. 2004, pp. 197-208. 
                                                       
                         
                        - 65
 
                          Veiranto M, Suokas E, Ashammakhi N, Törmälä P. 
Novel bioabsorbable antibiotic releasing bone fracture fixation implants. Adv Exp Med Biol 2004; 553:197-208. 
 
                            
                        - 64
 
                            Niemelä S-M, Ikäheimo I, Koskela M, Veiranto M, Suokas E, Törmälä P, Waris T, Ashammakhi N, Syrjälä H. Study of the Effect of Ciprofloxacin-Releasing Bioabsorbable Implant on Staphylococcus Epidermidis Attachment and Biofilm Formation in Vitro. 17th Annual Meeting of International Society for Ceramics in Medicine (ISCM) Bioceramics 17, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA, 8-12.12.2004. 
                             
                           
                        - 63
                             
                          Ashammakhi N, Veiranto M, Viitanen P, Knuutila K, Suokas E, Tiainen J, Leinonen S, Niemelä S-M, Syrjälä H, Aro H, Waris T, Törmälä P. Prospectives in Multifunctional Materials (MFM): Bioabsorbable Osteoconductive Drug-Releasing Hard Tissue Fixation Devices. l’European Congress of Chemotherapy and Infections (ECC) & Réunion Interdisciplinaire de Chimiothérapie Anti-Infectieuse (RICAI) 2004 Congress, Paris, France, 1-3.12.2004. 
                           
                           
                        - 62
 
                            Tiainen J, Soini Y, Suokas E, Veiranto M, Törmälä P, Waris T, Ashammakhi N. Evaluation of Tissue Reactions to Multifunctional Bioabsorbable Ciprofloxacin-Releasing Polylactide-Polyglycolide 80/20 Screws in Rabbit Cranial Bone. Society for Biomaterials Symposium on Biomaterials in Regenerative Medicine: The Advent of Combination Products, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA, 16-18.10.2004.  
                             
                              
                          - 61 
 
                            Tiainen J, Veiranto M, Suokas E, Törmälä P, Waris T, Ashammakhi N. Ciprofloxacin Releasing PLGA Screws Assessed for Pullout Strength. Society for Biomaterials Symposium on Biomaterials in Regenerative Medicine: The Advent of Combination Products, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA, 16-18.10.2004.  
                             
                             
                          - 60
 
                            Knuutila K, Tiainen J, Veiranto M, Suokas E, Waris T, Törmälä P, Kaarela O, Ashammakhi N. Pull-Out Strength Properties of Antibiotic Releasing Tacks in Human Cadaver Bone. Society for Biomaterials Symposium on Biomaterials in Regenerative Medicine: The Advent of Combination Products, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA, 16-18.10.2004.  
                             
                              
                          - 59 
 
                            Ashammakhi N, Veiranto M, Viitanen P, Knuutila K, Suokas E, Tiainen J, Leinonen S, Niemelä S-M, Syrjälä H, Aro H, Mäkinen T, Waris T, Törmälä P. Multifunctionality of Bioresorbable Bone Fixation Devices Explored. Society for Biomaterials Symposium on Biomaterials in Regenerative Medicine: The Advent of Combination Products, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA, 16-18.10.2004.  
                             
                           
                          - 58
 
                            Ashammakhi N, Veiranto M, Viitanen P, Knuutila K, Suokas E, Tiainen J, Leinonen L, Niemelä S-M, Waris T, Aro H, Törmälä P. Overview of Bioabsorbable Biomaterials: Development of Multifunctional Osteoconductive Drug-Releasing Hard Tissue Fixation Screws. XIV Conference on Biomaterials in Medicine and Veterinary Medicine, Rytro, Poland, 10-13.10.2004. 
                             
                           
                          - 57
 
                            Niemelä S-M, Ikäheimo I, Koskela M, Veiranto M, Suokas E, Törmälä P, Waris T, Ashammakhi N, Syrjälä H. Investigation of the Effect of Ciprofloxacin-Releasing Bioabsorbable Implant on Staphylococcus Epidermidis Attachment and Biofilm Formation in Vitro. XIV Conference on Biomaterials in Medicine and Veterinary Medicine, Rytro, Poland, 10-13.10.2004.  
                             
                                                       
                          - 56
 
                            Tiainen J, Knuutila K, Veiranto M, Suokas E, Waris T, Törmälä P, Kaarela O, Ashammakhi N. Resorbable Multifunctional Antibiotic Releasing Tacks. XIV Conference on Biomaterials in Medicine and Veterinary Medicine, Rytro, Poland, 10-13.10.2004. 
                             
                           
                          - 55
 
                            Ashammakhi N, Veiranto M, Knuutila K, Viitanen P, Suokas E, Tiainen J, Leinonen S, Niemelä S-M, Syrjälä H, Waris T, Törmälä P. Introduction of Multifunctional Materials (MFM): Bioabsorbable Osteoconductive Drug-Releasing Hard Tissue Fixation Screws. Ceramics, Cells and Tissues 9th Annual Seminar & Meeting, Materials for Tissue Engineering Chemistry and Microstructure: The Role for Ceramics, Faenza, Italy, 28.9.-1.10.2004. 
                             
                                                     
                          - 54
 
                            Tiainen J, Knuutila K, Veiranto M, Suokas E, Waris T, Törmälä P, Kaarela O, Ashammakhi N. Multifunctional Ciprofloxacin-Releasing Tacks: Assessment of Pullout Strength. XVIIth European Congress for Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Tours, Loire Valley, France, 14-18.9.2004, 556.. 
                             
                           
                          - 53
 
                            Tiainen J, Knuutila K, Veiranto M, Suokas E, Waris T, Törmälä P, Kaarela O, Ashammakhi N. Antibiotic Releasing Tacks: Pull-Out Strength Properties in Human Cadaver Bone. II Iberian Congress on Biomaterials (BIOÉvora2004), Évora, Portugal, 9-11.9.2004. 
                               
                           
                          - 51
 
                              Tiainen J, Veiranto M, Suokas E, Törmälä P, Waris T, Ashammakhi N. Multifunctional Bioabsorable Ciprofloxacin-Containing and Plain Self-Reinforced Polylactide-Polyglycolide 80/20 Screws: Pull-Out Strength Properties in Human Cadaver Parietal Bones. II Iberian Congress on Biomaterials (BIOÉvora2004), Évora, Portugal, 9-11.9.2004. 
                               
                             
                          - 51
 
                              Ashammakhi N, Veiranto M, Viitanen P, Knuutila K, Suokas E, Tiainen J, Leinonen S, Niemelä S-M, Syrjälä H, Aro H, Mäkinen T, Waris T, Törmälä P. Advances in Multifunctional Biomaterials: Bioabsorbable Osteoconductive Drug-Releasing Hard Tissue Fixation Screws. II Iberian Congress on Biomaterials (BIOÉvora2004), Évora, Portugal, 9-11.9.2004. 
                               
                            
                           
                          - 50
 
                            Ashammakhi N, Veiranto M, Viitanen P, Knuutila K, Suokas E, Tiainen J, Leinonen S, Niemelä S-M, Aro H, Törmälä P. Innovation in Bioabsorbable Biomaterials: Development of Multifunctional Osteoconductive Drug-Releasing Hard Tissue Fixation Screws. 10th International Conference on Polymers in Medicine & Surgery (PIMS2004), Cambridge, England, 6-8.9.2004, p. 51. 
                             
                           
                          -                             49
 
                            Tiainen J, Soini Y, Veiranto M, Törmälä P, Suokas E, Waris T, Ashammakhi N. Tissue Reactions to Self-Reinforced Plain and Ciprofloxacin-Releasing Polylactide-Polyglycolide 80/20 Screws in Rabbits' Cranial Bone and Bone Tissue Concentrations of Ciprofloxacin Released from Polylactide-Polyglycolide 80/20 Screws Implanted in Rabbits' Cranial Bone. American Society of Materials (ASM) Materials & Processes for Medical Devices Conferece, St. Paul, Minnesota USA, 25-28.8.2004.  
                             
                           
                          - 48
 
                            Ashammakhi N, Veiranto M, Viitanen P, Knuutila K, Suokas E, Tiainen J, Leinonen S, Niemelä S-M, Syrjälä H, Waris T, Törmälä P. A New Generation Biomaterials: Development of Multifunctional Osteoconductive Drug-Releasing Hard Tissue Fixation Devices. 3rd ScanBalt Forum - The Competence Region, Turku Science Park, BioCity and PharmaCity, Finland, 25-26.8.2004. 
                             
                            
                          - 47
 
                            Leinonen S, Suokas E, Veiranto M, Törmälä P, Waris T, Ashammakhi N. Study of Pullout Strength of Ciprofloxacin-Containing Self-Reinforced Poly-L/DL-Lactide 70/30 Bioactive Glass 13 Miniscrews in Human Cadaver Bone. 3rd ScanBalt Forum - The Competence Region, Turku Science Park, BioCity and PharmaCity, Finland, 25-26.8.2004. 
                             
 
                          - 46
 
                            Niemelä S-M, Ikäheimo I, Koskela M, Veiranto M, Suokas E, Törmälä P, Waris T, Ashammakhi N, Syrjälä H. Inhibition of Staphylococcus Epidermidis Attachment and Biofilm Formation by Ciprofloxacin-Releasing Bioabsorbable Polymer. 3rd ScanBalt Forum - The Competence Region, Turku Science Park, BioCity and PharmaCity, Finland, 25-26.8.2004. 
                             
 
                          - 45
 
                            Tiainen J, Veiranto M, Koort J, Suokas E, Törmälä P, Waris T, Kaarela O, Ashammakhi N. Study of Bone Tissue Concentrations of Ciprofloxacin Released from Polylactide-Polyglycolide 80/20 Screws Implanted in Rabbits' Cranial Bone. 3rd ScanBalt Forum - The Competence Region, Turku Science Park, BioCity and PharmaCity, Finland, 25-26.8.2004. 
                             
 
                          - 44
 
                          Tiainen J, Soini Y, Suokas E, Veiranto M, Törmälä P, Waris T, Ashammakhi N. Study of Tissue Reactions to Multifunctional Bioabsorbable Ciprofloxacin-Releasing Polylactide-Polyglycolide 80/20 Screws Implanted in Rabbit Cranial Bone. 3rd ScanBalt Forum - The Competence Region, Turku Science Park, BioCity and PharmaCity, Finland, 25-26.8.2004. 
                           
                           
                          - 43
 
                          Tiainen J, Veiranto M, Suokas E, Törmälä P, Waris T, Ashammakhi N. Evaluation of Pullout Force of Ciprofloxacin-Containing Self-Reinforced Polylactide-Polyglycolide 80/20 Screws in Human Cadaver Parietal Bones. 3rd ScanBalt Forum - The Competence Region, Turku Science Park, BioCity and PharmaCity, Finland, 25-26.8.2004. 
                           
                           
                          - 42
 
                          Tiainen J, Leinonen S, Ilomäki J, Suokas E, Törmälä P, Waris T, Ashammakhi N. Study of the Pull-Out Forces of Bioabsorbable Polylactide/Polyglycolide Screws (Biosorb and Lactosorb) and Tacks in Human Cadaver Parietal Bones. 3rd ScanBalt Forum - The Competence Region, Turku Science Park, BioCity and PharmaCity, Finland, 25-26.8.2004. 
                           
                           
                          - 41
 
                            Niemelä S-M, Ikäheimo I, Koskela M, Veiranto M, Suokas E, Törmälä P, Waris T, Ashammakhi N, Syrjälä H. Multifunctional Ciprofloxacin-Releasing Bioabsorbable Materials are Superior to Titanium in Preventing Staphylococcus Epidermis Attachment and Biofilm Formation In Vitro. Polymer Biomaterials: Polymer Biomaterials: Biomimetic and Bioanalogous Systems (43rd Microsymposium of P.M.M.), Prague, Czech Republic, 11-15.7.2004, PC64. 
                             
                                                                               
                          - 40
 
                            Tiainen J, Veiranto M, Koort J, Suokas E, Törmälä P, Waris T, Kaarela O, Ashammakhi N. Bone Tissue Concentrations of Ciprofloxacin Released from Polylactide-Polyglycolide 80/20 Screws Implanted in Rabbits’ Cranial Bone. Multifunctional and Functionally Graded Materials (FGM2004), Leuven, Belgium, 11-14.7.2004. 
                            
                               
                           
                          - 39
 
                            Tiainen J, Soini Y, Suokas E, Veiranto M, Törmälä P, Waris T, Ashammakhi N. Tissue Reactions to Multifunctional Bioabsorbable Ciprofloxacin-Releasing Polylactide-Polyglycolide 80/20 Screws in Rabbit Cranial Bone. Multifunctional and Functionally Graded Materials (FGM2004), Leuven, Belgium, 11-14.7.2004. 
                            
                               
                           
                          - 38
 
                            Tiainen J, Veiranto M, Suokas E, Törmälä P, Waris T, Ninkovic M, Ashammakhi N. Bioabsorable Ciprofloxacin-Containing and Plain Self-Reinforced Polylactide-Polyglycolide 80/20 Screws: Pull-Out Strength Properties in Human Cadaver Parietal Bones. Multifunctional and Functionally Graded Materials (FGM2004), Leuven, Belgium, 11-14.7.2004. 
                            
                             
                                                     
                          - 37
 
                            Tiainen J, Leinonen S-M, Ilomäki J, Suokas E, Törmälä P, Waris T, Ashammakhi N. Comparison of the Pullout Forces of Bioabsorbable Polylactide/Polyglycolide Screws (Biosorb and Lactosorb) and Tacks: A Study on the Stability of Fixation in Human Cadaver Parietal Bones. Multifunctional and Functionally Graded Materials (FGM2004), Leuven, Belgium, 11-14.7.2004. 
                            
                               
                           
                          - 36
 
                            Leinonen S, Suokas E, Veiranto M, Törmälä P, Waris T, Ashammakhi N. Holding Power of Bioabsorbable Ciprofloxacin-Containing Self-Reinforced Poly-L/DL-Lactide 70/30 Bioactive Glass Miniscrews in Human Cadaver Bone. Multifunctional and Functionally Graded Materials (FGM2004), Leuven, Belgium, 11-14.7.2004. 
                            
                             
                                                     
                          - 35
 
                                Ashammakhi N, Veiranto M, Viitanen P, Suokas E, Tiainen J, Leinonen S, Niemelä S-M, Ikäheimo I, Koskela M, Syrjälä H, Waris T, Törmälä P. Development of Multifunctional Materials (MFM): Bioabsorbable Osteoconductive Drug-Releasing Hard Tissue Fixation Screws.Multifunctional and Functionally Graded Materials (FGM2004), Leuven, Belgium, 11-14.7.2004. 
                                
                                 
                                 
                          - 34
 
                            Ashammakhi N, Veiranto M, Viitanen P, Knuutila K, Suokas E, Tiainen J, Leinonen S, Niemelä S-M, Syrjälä H, Waris T, Törmälä P. Update on Multifunctional Materials (MFM): Bioabsorbable Osteoconductive Drug-Releasing Hard Tissue Fixation Screws. 10th General Meeting of the Swiss Society for Biomaterials (SSB), Davos, Switzerland, July 1st, 2004, P3. 
                             
 
                          - 33
 
                          Niemelä S-M, Ikäheimo I, Koskela M, Veiranto M, Suokas E, Törmälä P, Ashammakhi N, Syrjälä H. Effect of Ciprofloxacin-Releasing Bioabsorbable Polymer on Prevention of Staphylococcus Epidermidis Attachment and Biofilm Formation in Vitro. 10th General Meeting of the Swiss Society for Biomaterials (SSB), Davos, Switzerland, July 1st, 2004, P23. 
                           
                           
                          - 32 
 
                              Tiainen J, Veiranto M, Soini Y, Suokas E, Törmälä P, Ashammakhi N. Histological study of multifunctional bioabsorbable ciprofloxacin-releasing and plain polylactide-polyglycolide 80/20 screws implanted in rabbit cranial bone.  European Cells & Materials (ECM) V: The Cell Biomaterial Reaction, Davos, Switzerland, 28-30.6.2004.  
     
                             
                          -  31
 
                            Tiainen J, Veiranto M, Suokas E, Törmälä P, Waris T, Ashammakhi N. Bioabsorbable Ciprofloxacin-Containing and Plain Self-Reinforced Polylactide-Polyglycolide 80/20 Screws: Pull-Out Strength Properties in Human Cadaver Parietal Bones. International Conference "Strategies in Tissue Engineering" Würzburg, Germany, June 14-16th, 2004, P-16.  
                             
                           
                          - 30
 
                               Tiainen J, Leinonen S, Ilomäki J, Suokas E, Törmälä P, Waris T, Ashammakhi N. Comparison of the Pullout Forces of Bioabsorbable Polylactide/Polyglycolide Screws (Biosorb and Lactosorb) and Tacks: A Study on the Stability of Fixation in Human Cadaver Parietal Bones.  International Conference "Strategies in Tissue Engineering" Würzburg, Germany, June 14-16th, 2004, P-15. 
                               
                            
                             
                          - 29
 
Ashammakhi N, Veiranto M, Viitanen P, Suokas E, Tiainen J, Leinonen S, Niemelä S-M, Syrjälä H, Waris T, Törmälä P. Bioabsorbable Multifunctional PLGA Osteoconductive Drug-Releasing Hard Tissue Fixation Screws. 1st International Football Medicine Congress (IFOMEC), Munich, Germany, 9-12.6.2004.  
                             
                                                       
                          - 28
 
                            Niemelä S-M, Ikäheimo I, Koskela M, Veiranto M, Suokas E, Törmälä P, Waris T, Ashammakhi N, Syrjälä H. Study of the Effect of Ciprofloxacin-Releasing Bioabsorbable Implant on Staphylococcus Epidermidis Attachment and Biofilm Formation in Vitro. 5th ANNUAL SEMINAR OF “TISSUE ENGINEERING AND MEDICAL, DENTAL AND VETERINARY BIOMATERIAL RESEARCH GROUP (BRG)”, Biomedicum, Helsinki, Finland, June 1st, 2004.  
                             
                                                     
                          - 27
 
                            Tiainen J, Veiranto M, Koort J, Suokas E, Törmälä P, Waris T, Kaarela O, Ashammakhi N. Bone Tissue Concentrations of Ciprofloxacin Released from Polylactide-Polyglycolide 80/20 Screws Implanted in Rabbits' Cranial Bone.5th ANNUAL SEMINAR OF “TISSUE ENGINEERING AND MEDICAL, DENTAL AND VETERINARY BIOMATERIAL RESEARCH GROUP (BRG)”, Biomedicum, Helsinki, Finland, June 1st, 2004. 
                           
                           
                          - 26
 
                            Tiainen J, Soini Y, Suokas E, Veiranto M, Törmälä P, Waris T, Ashammakhi N. Tissue Reactions to Multifunctional Bioabsorbable Ciprofloxacin-Releasing Polylactide-Polyglycolide 80/20 Screws in Rabbit Cranial Bone. 5th ANNUAL SEMINAR OF “TISSUE ENGINEERING AND MEDICAL, DENTAL AND VETERINARY BIOMATERIAL RESEARCH GROUP (BRG)”, Biomedicum, Helsinki, Finland, June 1st, 2004. 
                             
                           
                          - 25
 
                            Tiainen J, Leinonen S, Ilomäki J, Suokas E, Törmälä P, Waris T, Ashammakhi N. Holding Power of Bioabsorbable Polylactide/Polyglycolide Screws (Biosorb and Lactosorb) and Tacks to Human Cadaver Parietal Bone. 5th ANNUAL SEMINAR OF “TISSUE ENGINEERING AND MEDICAL, DENTAL AND VETERINARY BIOMATERIAL RESEARCH GROUP (BRG)”, Biomedicum, Helsinki, Finland, June 1st, 2004. 
                           
                           
                          - 24 
 
                            Knuutila K, Tiainen J, Veiranto M, Suokas E, Waris T, Törmälä P, Kaarela O, Ashammakhi N. Novel Multifunctional Tacks: Pull-Out Strength of Ciprofloxacin-Releasing Tacks. 5th ANNUAL SEMINAR OF “TISSUE ENGINEERING AND MEDICAL, DENTAL AND VETERINARY BIOMATERIAL RESEARCH GROUP (BRG)”, Biomedicum, Helsinki, Finland, June 1st, 2004. 
                             
                             
                           
                          -                             23
 
                            Veiranto M, Tiainen J, Niemelä S, Suokas E, Ikäheimo I, Koskela M, Syrjälä H, Ashammakhi N, Törmälä P. Novel Ciprofloxacin Releasing SR-PLGA Miniscrews.
                            7th World Biomaterials Congress, Sydney, Australia 17-21 May 2004. 
                            
                                                         
                             
                          - 22
 
                            Suokas E, Bulsari A, Ashammakhi N, Veiranto M, Törmälä P. Drug Release Implant Design Simplified with Sophisticated Nonlinear Models. 7th World Biomaterials Congress, Sydney, Australia 17-21 May 2004. 
                             
                            
                           
                          - 21
 
                            Tiainen 
                                J, Veiranto M, Koort J, Suokas E, Törmälä 
                            P, Waris T, Kaarela O, Ashammakhi N. Bone Tissue Concentrations 
                            of Ciprofloxacin Released from Polylactide-Polyglycolide 
                            80/20 ScrewsImplanted in Rabbits’ Cranial Bone. 
                                14th Interdisciplinary Research Conference on Biomaterials 
                                (GRIBOI 2004), Limoges, France, 25-26.3.2004. 
                            
                            
                           
                           
                        - 20
 
                              Tiainen J, Soini Y, Suokas E, Veiranto M,Törmälä P, Waris T, Ashammakhi N. Tissue Reactions to Multifunctional 
                            Bioabsorbable Ciprofloxacin-Releasing Polylactide- 
                            Polyglycolide 80/20 Screwsin Rabbit Cranial Bone. 
                            14th Interdisciplinary Research Conference on Biomaterials 
                            (GRIBOI 2004), Limoges, France, 25-26.3.2004. 
                              
                             
                           
                          - 19
 
                            Tiainen 
                              J, Veiranto M, Suokas E, Törmälä P, 
                              Waris T, Ashammakhi N. Pullout Strength of Ciprofloxacin-Containing 
                              Polylactide-Polyglycolide Screws in Human Cadaver 
                              Parietal Bone. 14th Interdisciplinary Research Conference 
                              on Biomaterials (GRIBOI 2004), Limoges, France, 25-26.3.2004. 
                            
                             
                           
                          - 18
 
                            Tiainen 
                              J, Leinonen S-M, Ilomäki J, Suokas E, Törmälä 
                            P, Waris T, Ashammakhi N. Pullout Forces of BioabsorbablePolylactide/Glycolide 
                            Screws (Biosorb and Lactosorb) and Tacks. 14th Interdisciplinary 
                            Research Conference on Biomaterials (GRIBOI 2004), 
                            Limoges, France, 25-26.3.2004. 
                            
                             
                           
                          - 17
 
                            Niemelä 
                            S-M, Ikäheimo I, Koskela M, Veiranto M, Suokas 
                              E, Törmälä P, Waris T, Ashammakhi N, 
                              Syrjälä H. Ciprofloxacin-Releasing Bioabsorbable 
                              Polymer is Superior to Titanium in Preventing Staphylococcus 
                              Epidermidis Attachment and Biofilm Formation in Vitro. 14th Interdisciplinary Research 
                              Conference on Biomaterials (GRIBOI 2004), Limoges, 
                              France, 25-26.3.2004. 
                            
                             
                                                     
                          - 16
 
                              Ashammakhi N, Veiranto M, Knuutila K, Suokas E, Tiainen 
                            J, Leinonen S, Waris T, Törmälä P. 
                              Mechnical properties of ciprofloxacin-releasing polylactide-coglycolide 
                              screws and tacks. 14th Interdisciplinary Research 
                              Conference on Biomaterials (GRIBOI 2004), Limoges, 
                              France, 25-26.3.2004. 
                                                             
                             
                          - 15
 
                              Ashammakhi N, Veiranto M, Viitanen P, Suokas E, Tiainen 
                            J, Niemelä S-M, Waris T, Törmälä P. Development of Multifunctional Materials (MFM): 
                            Bioabsorbable Osteoconductive Drug-Releasing Hard 
                            Tissue Fixation Screws. 14th Interdisciplinary Research 
                            Conference on Biomaterials (GRIBOI 2004), Limoges, 
                            France, 25-26.3.2004. 
                             
                             
                          
                           
                        
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                          - 14                            
 
                            Veiranto 
                              M, Suokas E, Aro H.T, Koort J.K, Tiainen J, Niemelä 
                              S, Ashammakhi N, Waris T, Törmälä 
                              P. Novel bioabsorbable antibiotic releasing bone 
                              fracture fixation implants. Biomed 2003. 10th Biomedical 
                              Science and Technology Symposium, METU Campus of 
                              Northern Cyprus, October 10-12, 2003. 
                             
                           
                        
                          - 13
 
                            Niemelä 
                            S-M, Ikäheimo I, Koskela M, Syrjälä 
                            H, Veiranto M, Suokas E, Waris T, Törmälä 
                            P, Ashammakhi N. Multifunctional Bioabsorbable Ciprofloxacin-Releasing 
                            Devices Inhibit Bacterial Attachment and Biofilm Formation. 
                            Biofilms 
                            in Medicine, October 17-19, 2003, Elsinor, Denmark. 
                             
                           
                        
                          - 12
 
                            Ashammakhi 
                            N, Veiranto M, Viitanen P, Suokas E, Aro H, Koort 
                            J, Tiainen J, Leinonen S, Niemelä S-M, Ikäheimo 
                            I, Koskela M, Syrjälä H, Waris T and Törmälä 
                            P. 
                            Development of Multifunctional Materials (MFM): Bioabsorbable 
                            Osteoconductive Drug-Releasing Hard Tissue Fixation 
                            Screws. 4th Annual Seminar of the Center of Excellence 
                            on Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering.Biomedicum, 
                            Helsinki, Finland. June 3, 2003. 
                            
  
                        
                          - 11
 
                            Veiranto 
                            M, Suokas E, Aro H, Koort J, Tiainen J, Niemelä 
                            S-M, Ashammakhi 
                            N, Waris T, Törmälä P. Antibiotic releasing 
                            bioabsorbable screws for bone surgery. HELSINKI UNIVERSITY 
                            CONGRESS OF DRUG RESEARCH, June 5-6, 2003, Helsinki, 
                            Finland. 
                            
                             
                           
                        
                          - 10
 
                            Veiranto 
                            M, Niemelä S-M, Suokas E, Ikäheimo I, Koskela 
                            M, Syrjälä H, Törmälä P, 
                            Waris T. Ashammakhi N. Characterization of Antibiotic 
                            Releasing SR-PLGA Minicrews: In Vitro Drug Release, 
                            Mechanical Properties and Bacterial Inhibition. Tampereen 
                            Lääkäripäivät, Tampere Talo, 
                            20.3.2003-22.3.2003. 
                            
  
                        
                          - 9
 
                            Veiranto M, Törmälä 
                            P, Suokas E, Niemelä S-M, Ikäheimo I, Koskela 
                            M, Syrjälä H, Waris T, Ashammakhi N. In 
                            Vitro Properties of Antibiotic Releasing SR-PLGA CMF-Fixation 
                            Screws. Oulu University Science Day 18 Feb 2003, Oulu, 
                            Finland.. 
                              
                           
                         
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                          - 8
 
                            Tiainen J, Leinonen S, Ilomäki J, Suokas E, Törmälä 
                            P, Waris T, Ashammakhi N. Bioabsorbable polylactide/glycolide 
                            tacks have holding power to the bone similar or even 
                            better than screws. The 16th Congress of the European 
                            Association for Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, 
                            Muenster, Germany 3-7 September 2002.  
                             
                             
                          - 7
 
                            Leinonen S, Suokas E, Veiranto M, Törmälä P, Waris 
                            T, Ashammakhi N. Pull-out tests of Bioabsorbable Ciprofloxacin-plus 
                            Bioactive Glass-Containing Self-reinforced Poly-L/DL-lactide 
                            70/30 Miniscrews in Human Cadaver Bone. The 16th Congress 
                            of the European Association for Cranio-Maxillofacial 
                            Surgery, Muenster, 
                            Germany 3-7 September 2002. 
                             
                             
                          - 6
 
                            Tiainen J, Veiranto M, Suokas E, Törmälä P, Waris 
                            T, Ashammakhi N. Pull-out Strength Properties of Bioabsorbable 
                            Ciprofloxacin-Containing Self-Reinforced Polylactide-Polyglycolide 
                            80/20 Screws Tested in Human Cadaver Parietal Bones. 
                            The 16th Congress of the European Association for 
                            Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Muenster, 
                            Germany 3-7 September 2002.  
                             
                             
                          - 5
 
                            Tiainen J, Leinonen S, Ilomäki J, Suokas E, Törmälä 
                            P, Waris T, Ashammakhi N. Comparison of the pull-out 
                            forces of bioabsorbable polylactide/glycolide screws 
                            (biosorb and lactosorb) and tacks: a study on the 
                            stability of fixation in human cadaver parietal bones. 
                            J Craniofac Surg 2002; 13(4):538-543 
    
                        
                          - 4
 
                            Tiainen J, Veiranto M, Suokas E, Törmälä P, Waris 
                            T, Ninkovic M, and Ashammakhi N. Bioabsorbable Ciprofloxacin-containing 
                            and plain self-reinforced polylactide-polyglycolide 
                            80/20 screws: pull-out strength properties in human 
                            cadaver parietal bones. J 
                            Craniofac Surg 2002 May;13(3):427-433 
 
  
                        
                          - 3
 
                             
                            Leinonen S, Suokas E, Veiranto M, Törmälä P, Waris 
                            T and Ashammakhi N. Holding Power of Bioabsorbable 
                            Ciprofloxacin-Containing Self-reinforced Poly-L/DL-lactide 
                            70/30 Bioactive Glass 13 Miniscrews in Human Cadaver 
                            Bone. J Craniofac Surg 2002; 13(2):212-8
 
  
                         
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                          - 2
 
                            Törmälä P, Kellomäki M, Suokas E, Rokkanen P, Waris 
                            T. Biomaterials and approaches in tissue engineering. 
                            2nd annual seminar of "Tissue engineering and medical, 
                            dental and veterinary biomaterial research group (BRG)", 
                            Tampere 09.08.2001.
 
  
                         
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                          - 1
 
                            	
                            Törmälä P, Ahvenjärvi P, Kellomäki M, Niiranen H, 
                            Paatola T, Pelto M, Suokas E, Rokkanen P. Bioabsorbable 
                            polymers and implants. Turun vuosittaiset bioamteriaalipäivät 
                            7-8.11.2000, Turku, Finland. 
 
  
                         
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